Substituted tropanes

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General tropane molecule
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Substituted tropanes (or simply tropanes) are a group of psychoactive compounds that include a tropane ring in their structure. Prominent examples include certain stimulants like cocaine and its derivatives as well as deliriants like atropine and scopolamine.

Chemistry

Tropanes are molecules which contain a substituted tropane ring in their structure. Tropane is a nitrogen-containing bicyclic organic molecule which consists of a piperidine and pyrrolidine ring fused at carbons R1 and R5 along with an additional methyl substitution at RN. It is mainly known for a group of alkaloids derived from it. Tropane alkaloids are commonly substituted at R3 with an ether bridge (as seen in scopolamine, atropine, hyoscyamine, and cocaine). Synthetic analogs of tropane alkaloids also exist, such as the phenyltropanes. They are not considered to be alkaloids per definition.

Pharmacology

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Tropane alkaloids are mostly anti-cholinergics (antagonistic action on acetylcholine receptors) or stimulants (prevention of dopamine reuptake).

List of substituted tropanes

Compound R2 R3 R6 R7 Structure
Atropine H OCOCH(CH2OH)C6H5 H H Atropine.svg
Hyoscyamine H OCOCH(CH2OH)C6H5 H H Hyoscyamine.svg
Scopolamine H OCOCH(CH2OH)C6H5 O- - Scopolamine.svg
Cocaine CO2CH3 OCOC6H5 H H Cocaine.svg
Troparil CO2CH3 C6H5 H H Troparil.svg
RTI-111 CO2CH3 C6H3Cl2 H H RTI-111.svg

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References

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